June 10

 


JUNE 10

Tagalog Klasiks Taon 17 Blg. 454, Hunyo 10, 1968

Nasa taklob-pahina ang original Pinoy superhero ni Mars Ravelo na si “Flash Bomba”
na iginuhit ni Nestor Malgapo.

Events that happened on June 10:

1647 – A Dutch fleet under Admiral Cortezen that entered Manila Bay and attacked Cavite was repulsed by joint Filipino and Spanish forces.

1877 – The Philippines was admitted to the Berne Postal Treaty which greaty improve the country’s mailing service.

1969 – Batangas was declared a city by virtue of Republic Act No. 5495.

Personalities and celebrities born on June 10:

1864 – Crispulo Aguinaldo, revolutionary general and brother of Emilio Aguinaldo – in Kawit, Cavite (d. March 24, 1897).

1871 – Crispulo Zamora, pioneer engraver, Katipunero and revolutionary leader during the American Occupation – in Sampaloc, Manila (d. October 11, 1922).

1889 – Pedro Gatmaitan, Tagalog poet, editor and fictionist – in San Nicolas, Bulacan, Bulacan (d. June 10, 1965).

1903 – Jose Villa Panganiban, educator, poet, linguist, lexicographer, author and director of the Institute of National Language (1955-1968) – in Bautista, Pangasinan (d. October 13, 1972).

1935 – Danding Cojuangco (full name Eduardo Murphy Cojuangco), ambassador, politician and political leader – in Paniqui, Tarlac (d. June 16, 2020).

Eduardo "Danding" Cojuangco with wife Gretchena

on the cover of People Asia (May 2003)

1965 – Joey Santiago (full name Joseph Alberto Santiago), Filipino-American guitarist and composer – in Manila.

1990 – Valeen Montenegro (full name Valeen Montenegro Vicente), actre ss.

Valeen Montenegro

on the cover of FHM Philippines (July 2015)



On the cover of Discover June 2011 issue
is an illustration by Ron Miller of the event
horizon of a black hole.

Picture Trivia

          The term “Black Hole” was coined by American theoretical Physicist John Archibald Wheeler (1911-2008) in 1967 to describe the awesome cosmic phenomenon. The existence of a black hole was first predicted by Albert Einstein (1879-1955) in his “Theory of Gravity (General Relativity) in 1915, although the concept of the supermassive body was first put forward by the English geologist John Michell (1724-1793) in 1784.

          Theoretically, a black hole forms when a very massive star runs out of fuel. Without energy to support its mass, the star implodes. If the star is more than 25 times the mass of our sun, the core will collapse to a point of infinite density with no surface. Within a boundary of about 50 miles from the black hole center, gravity is so strong that not even light can escape its pull. This boundary is theoretically known as the event horizon.

          Until recently, black holes have remained hidden beneath invisibility cloaks. Indeed. Whereas a lot has been known about the existence and properties of black holes from Einstein’s theory of general relativity, tangible evidence has been a recent phenomenon.

          According to astronomers, black holes exist in at least two different sizes. Stellar black holes, formed from the death and gravitational collapse of a massive star, is about ten to 20 times the mass of our sun. Dwarfing the stellar type, supermassive black holes hold millions to billions the mass of our Sun, and lurk at the centers of many galaxies.

          Indirect evidence from X-ray telescopes has revealed telltale signs of thousands of black holes lurking in our own galaxy and beyond. Many are the remnants of exploded stars. But to other far more massive black holes, swallowing a single star is like a blue whale gulping a mosquito.

          It is believed that super-massive black holes are located at the core of every galaxy. According to Suvi Gezari of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, the Milky Way galaxy in which our solar system resides has a dormant super-massive black hole at its center. They can have the mass of a trillion suns squeezed into an area the size of our solar system. Smaller stellar black holes can lurk throughout a galaxy. Middleweight black holes, discovered in 1999, range from 100 to 10,000 suns in mass but are no bigger than our moon.

          Over thousands of years, black holes grow bigger by consuming material whizzing around them. Just before gas and dust get sucked into a black hole, this matter heats up so much that it emits streams of x-rays. NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and other telescopes equipped with x-ray vision spot the distant lights.

          That’s how astronomers pinpointed the first black hole, called Cygnus X-1, in 1971. Since then, thousands of black holes have been spotted, bringing to light answers to many questions. In 2001, observations of Cygnus X-1, roughly 6,000 light-years away, provided the first glimpse of material actually falling into a black hole.

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