January 16




January 16


Cosmos (Astronomy Collector’s Edition), January 2006
On the cover: The Heavens “Before There was Light.”

Enero 16 sa Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas

          Noong Enero 16, 1765, si Juan de la Cruz Palaris, pinuno ng Palaris Revolt sa Pangasinan at Ilocos, ay ipinagkanulo ng kaniyang kapatid na babae at nahuli ng mga Kastila.

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          Hinirang ni US president William McKinley Jr (1843- 1901) appointed ang mga kasapi ng first Philippine Commission (na tinatawag ding Schurman Commission) noong Enero 16, 1899, kung saan ito ay nagpanukala ng pagtatatag ng isang pamahalaang-sibil, bicameral legislature, at public school system.

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          Ika-16 ng Enero, 1901, nang ipatapon sa Guam sina Apolinario Mabini, Gen. Maximino Hizon, Gen. Pio del Pilar, Gen Artemio Ricarte at Pablo Ocampo.

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          Noong Enero 16, 1921, sa bisa ng Republic Act 2946, idineklara ang araw ng Nobyembre 30 ng bawat taon bilang isang legal at national holiday bilang pagpupugay ay pag-alaala sa pambansang bayaning si Gat Andres Bonifacio.

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          Ang Integrated Bar of the Philippines ay nilikha sa bisa ng Supreme Court resolution noong ika-16 ng Enero, 1973.

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           Ang ika-16 ng Enero, 2011, ay maitatala sa kasaysayan bilang araw ng pasimula ng impeachment proceeding kay Chief Justice Renato Corona. Siya ang kauna-unahang Chief Justice ng Supreme Court sa Pilipinas na sasalang sa impeachment trial.

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FIRST PHILIPPINE COMMISSION

          A commission formed by U.S. President William Mckinley (1843-1901) on January 16, 1899, composed of diplomat Jacob Gould Schurman (1854-1942) as chairman, and Admiral George Dewey (1837-1917), Gen. Elwell Otis (1838-1909), zoologist Dean Conant Worcester (1866-1924) and civil war veteran Charles Denby (1830-1904) as members.

          The commission, also called the Schurman Commission, recommended the establishment of a civil government, a bicameral legislature, and a public school system in the American-occupied Philippines.

          The First Philippine Commission’s report became the basis for the creation of the Second Philippine Commission headed by William Howard Taft (1857-1930). On March 2, 1901, the Sponsor Amendment, giving the U.S. president full power in administering the Philippines, was approved by the U.S. Congress. This meant transforming the existing military administration in the Philippines until the U.S. Congress could legislate a permanent government for the Philippines. An executive order by the U.S. Secretary of War on June 21, 1901, set the date for the formal transition to July 4, 1901.

          On July 4, 1901, authority over the Philippines was transferred to the head of the Philippine Commission, who was given the title “Civil Governor,” a position appointed by the President of the United States and approved by the U.S. Senate. On that day, Taft officially became the first civil governor of the Philippines.

          For the first year (July 4, 1901 – July 4, 1902), Gen. Adna Chaffee (1842-1914), the military governor who replaced Gen. Arthur MacArthur (1845-1912), ruled part of the Philippines still resisting American rule, concurrent with Civil Governor Taft. Consequently, there were frequent disagreements between the two governing authorities.

          The following year, on July 4, 1902, the Taft became the sole authority in the Philippines. Chaffee, however, remained the military commander of the American forces until September 30, 1902.

          The title of “Civil Governor” was changed to “Governor-General” on February 6, 1905 by the U.S. Congress. Luke Edward Wright (1846-1922), strictly speaking, was the first American governor-general of the Philippines. From 1901 to 1935, the Philippines was under the U.S. Bureau of Insular Affairs, which oversee insular or “unincorpoarted territories” occupied by the United States. On November 15, 1935, following the inauguration of the Philippine Commonwealth, the title was again change to “High Commissioner of the Philippines.”

SULYAP SA NAKARAAN

Ang kuwentong “MN” ni Pablo S. Gomez na iginuhit ni Nestor Redondo
tampok sa taklob-pahina ng Pilipino Komiks (Enero 16, 1954).

Pinoy personalities and celebrities born on January 16:

1888 – Mariano Jesus L. Cuenco, legislator and Senate President (February 21, 1949-December 13, 1949,  December 30, 1949-December 30, 1951) – in Carmen, Cebu. (February 15, 1964)

1959 – Sandy Andolong (real name Alexandra Andolong), actress – in Manila.

1979 – Mark Anthony Lacsamana Fernandez, actor and model – in Manila.

1985 – Stefano Mori (full name Stefano Umberto Tareno Mori), actor.

1986 – Sheena Halili (full name Sheena Yveth Castro Halili), actress and television host – in
           San Fernando, Pampanga.

Sheena Halili
on the cover Mega (May 2010) and Hiligaynon (April 13, 2016)

1988 – Alex Gonzaga (full name Catherine Cruz Gonzaga), actress and television host.

Alex Gonzaga
on the cover of Speed (April 2011) and Bannawag (August 6, 1012)



 

“The Bug at the End of the Century”
– feature story on the cover page of
Link (January-February 1999)

Picture Trivia
          The Millennium Bug, also known as the Y2K problem or Y2K Bug, is a class of computer bugs related to the formatting and storage of calendar data for dates beginning in the year 2000. Problems were anticipated, and arose, because twentieth-century software often represented the four-digit year with only the final two digits – making the year 2000 indistinguishable from 1900. The assumption of a 20th century date in such programs caused various errors, such as the incorrect display of dates and the inaccurate ordering of automated dated records or real-time events.
          Around 320 billion US dollars was estimated to have been spent worldwide on Y2K remediation.
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